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python webscoket(Autobahn)的使用

　
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自从18年4月份入职游戏公司之后很少有时间写博客了！
img1

今天来聊聊python的websocket的使用，在游戏行业游戏客户端和服务端需要大量的，快速的通讯，这里面就会用到websocket

Autobahn 是一个高性能的websocket 它采用了两种实现方案
1 基于Twisted
2 基于asyncio

Autobahn 有如下的特点:

framework for WebSocket and WAMP clients (Websocket框架和WAMP框架)
compatible with Python 2.7 and 3.3+ (兼容python2.7和python3.3以上的版本)
runs on CPython, PyPy and Jython (可以运行在Cpython, PyPy 和Jython 上面)
runs under Twisted and asyncio (可以选择Twisted 或者是asyncio的方式来运行)
implements WebSocket RFC6455 (and draft versions Hybi-10+) (实现WebSocket RFC6455（以及草案版本Hybi-10 +）)
implements WebSocket compression (实现WebSocket压缩)
implements WAMP, the Web Application Messaging Protocol (实现Web应用程序消息传递协议)
supports TLS (secure WebSocket) and proxies (支持TLS（安全WebSocket）和代理)
Open-source (MIT license) (开源)

Autobahn 可以用来做什么

Autobahn 非常适用于交易系统，多人游戏, 实时聊天等应用程序的开发

一个简单的webSocket服务端程序

from autobahn.twisted.websocket import WebSocketServerProtocol
# or: from autobahn.asyncio.websocket import WebSocketServerProtocol

    class MyServerProtocol(WebSocketServerProtocol):

       def onConnect(self, request):
           print("Client connecting: {}".format(request.peer))

       def onOpen(self):
           print("WebSocket connection open.")

       def onMessage(self, payload, isBinary):
           if isBinary:
               print("Binary message received: {} bytes".format(len(payload)))
           else:
               print("Text message received: {}".format(payload.decode('utf8')))

           ## echo back message verbatim
           self.sendMessage(payload, isBinary)

       def onClose(self, wasClean, code, reason):
           print("WebSocket connection closed: {}".format(reason))

几个重要的方法:

onConnect: 当有新的客户端连接进来的时候调用该方法
onOpen: 当连接成功时调用该方法
onMessage: 该方法是接收来自客户端的消息
onClose: 当关闭时调用该方法

安装Autobahn

Autobahn 的运行依赖于 Twisted 和 asyncio 因此安装Autobahn 需要确认你的python支持了
Twisted 和 asyncio

各个python 版本对 Twisted 和 asyncio 支持如下

img2

使用pip 安装

pip install autobahn[twisted]
pip install autobahn[asyncio]

验证是否安装成功

from autobahn import version
print(version)
0.9.1

启动webScoketServer

twisted 版本

import sys

   from twisted.python import log
   from twisted.internet import reactor
   log.startLogging(sys.stdout)

   from autobahn.twisted.websocket import WebSocketServerFactory
   factory = WebSocketServerFactory()
   factory.protocol = MyServerProtocol

   reactor.listenTCP(9000, factory)
   reactor.run()

asyncio 版本

try:
      import asyncio
   except ImportError:
      ## Trollius >= 0.3 was renamed
      import trollius as asyncio

   from autobahn.asyncio.websocket import WebSocketServerFactory
   factory = WebSocketServerFactory()
   factory.protocol = MyServerProtocol

   loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
   coro = loop.create_server(factory, '127.0.0.1', 9000)
   server = loop.run_until_complete(coro)

   try:
      loop.run_forever()
   except KeyboardInterrupt:
      pass
   finally:
      server.close()
      loop.close()

创建WebSocketClient

class MyClientProtocol(WebSocketClientProtocol):

   def onOpen(self):
      self.sendMessage(u"Hello, world!".encode('utf8'))

   def onMessage(self, payload, isBinary):
      if isBinary:
         print("Binary message received: {0} bytes".format(len(payload)))
      else:
         print("Text message received: {0}".format(payload.decode('utf8')))

WebSocketClientProtocol 可以使用：
autobahn.twisted.websocket.WebSocketClientProtocol
autobahn.asyncio.websocket.WebSocketClientProtocol

使用Client

Twisted版本

import sys

   from twisted.python import log
   from twisted.internet import reactor
   log.startLogging(sys.stdout)

   from autobahn.twisted.websocket import WebSocketClientFactory
   factory = WebSocketClientFactory()
   factory.protocol = MyClientProtocol

   reactor.connectTCP("127.0.0.1", 9000, factory)
   reactor.run()

asyncio版本

try:
      import asyncio
   except ImportError:
      ## Trollius >= 0.3 was renamed
      import trollius as asyncio

   from autobahn.asyncio.websocket import WebSocketClientFactory
   factory = WebSocketClientFactory()
   factory.protocol = MyClientProtocol

   loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
   coro = loop.create_connection(factory, '127.0.0.1', 9000)
   loop.run_until_complete(coro)
   loop.run_forever()
   loop.close()

发送消息

当我们的server或者client 继承了autobahn之后就可以使用 sendMessage 方法来发送消息

接收消息

当我们的server或者client 实现了onMessage(self, payload, isBinary): 定义了该方法之后，就可以接收到消息

更多详细介绍请查看: https://autobahn.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html

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原文链接：python webscoket(Autobahn)的使用，转载请注明来源！

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